durhell



No. 625,386. Patented May 23, |899.

C. M. DURNELL.

HAND CULTIVATOR.

(Application filed Aug. 19, 1898.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

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No. 625,386. Patented mayzs, |899.

c. M.Y nunNELL.

HAND GULTIVATUR.

(Application led Aug. 19, 1898.)

2 Shaw-Sheet `2.

(No Model.)

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CECIL M. DURNELL, OF INDEPENDENCE, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO PRESTON J. ROBERTS, JR., FRANK ROB- ERTS, AND VILLIAM C. ROBERTS, OF SAME PLACE.

HAN D-CU LTIVATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 625,386, dated May 23, 1899.

Application filed August 19, 1898. Serial No. 688,953. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: and 1l, the object of which will hereinafter Be it known that I, CECIL M. DURNELL, appear. Adjacent to their ends they carry of Independence, Jackson county, Missouri, bolts l2, and mounted upon said bolts and have invented certain new and useful Imembracing the ends of said brackets are 5 provementsinHand-Oultivators, of which the slotted and approximately Z-shaped plow or 55 following isa specification. cultivator Shanks 13, the inner ends of Said My invention relates to cultivators, and Shanks being provided with holes or openmore especially to that type which are manuings 14, extending in concentric series to the ally propelled. bolts l2 and adapted to register with the lo One object of my invention is to produce a holes or openings l5 in brackets 9 in order 6o machine of this character whereby the depth that the pins or bolts 1G may be engaged with of cultivation may be regulated at will and said registering openings, and thereby secure which can be adjusted to accommodate rows the said Shanks in the desired positions with of different widths. relation to said brackets, this adjustment be- [5 A further object is to producea cultivator ing one of the factors whereby the depth of 65 which is of simple, strong, durable, compact, cultivation may be varied. The outer ends and inexpensive construction. of the Z-Shaped Shanks are curved, as shown Other objects of the invention will hereinat 13a, and longitudinally slotted, as 'shown after appear, and its novel features and comat 17, in order that the plow 1S or Shovel 19,

zo binatious thereof will be pointed out in the having a correspondingly-curved portion 20, 7o

appended claims. may be adjusted higher or lower upon the Referring to the drawings, which illustrate shank, and therefore be a material factor in the invention, Figure l is a vertical central regulating the depth of cut.

section. Fig. 2 is atop plan View. Fig. Sisa A bolt 2l, extending from each plow or 25 central section of one of the carrying-wheels. shovel through the slots 17 and engaged by 75 Fig. 4c is a sectional View of one of the cultithe washer 22' and clamping-nut 23, secures vating-plows enlarged. Fig. is adetail perthe cultivating instrument at the' point to spective view of one of the cross-bars conwhich it is adjusted. necting the plow-Shanks and the brackets In order to brace the handle-bars l apart 3o carrying the Same. Fig. G is a side view of and at the same time provide for variations 8o a modified form. Fig. 7 isa plan view of the in distance between the cultivating instruframe of the same. mentalities, I provide the following construc- In the Said drawings, l designates apair of tion-that is to say: 24E designates angle- Substantially parallel bars connected Vat their brackets mounted upon pivot-bolts l2, and 25' 35 rear ends by ahandle 2 and provided at their intersecting cross-bars which are pivoted to 85 front ends with outwardly-projecting bolts3. Said brackets, the connection at one end of 4L designates spindles upon said bolts, and 5 each bar being of the pin-and-Slot type, as carrying-wheelsjournaled upon said spindles Shown at 26, in order that the handle-bars and prevented from endwise movement byV may be sprung toward each other or apart in 4o means of the washers 6 and 7 upon bolts 3, the adjustment of the machine to accommo- 9o nuts 8, screwed upon the outer ends of said date rows of different widths. In order to bolts, holding washers 7 in position. prevent any possible chance of collapse due IVashers 6 are held reliably in place by to slippage of said parts at their points of inmeans of the angle-brackets 9, mounted upon intersection, they are provided with a circular 45 bolts 3 and interposed between said washers series of teeth 27, meshing together, and a 95 and the handlebars l. The arms of said clamping-nut of the Wing-nut variety engages angle-brackets diverge rearward and extend the pivot-bolt 29, extending through said inat equal angles to the bars l and are contersecting parts, as shown clearly. nected at their upper and lower ends to said XVhile the plow or cultivator Shanks have 5o bars l by means of the retractile springs 10 been described as though both sides were Ico longitudinally slotted, it is to be understoodA that I prefer to employ what is known as the diamond shovel-plow on a pair of said shanks. In this case it is obvious that it will be unnecessary to slot the shanks by which said plows are carried.

In Fig. 6 I illustrate a modified form of plow, this modification residing principally in the fact that a leaf or flat spring 11n is employed in lieu of the retractile spring 1l. In other respects the machine is of the same type, except that it is a one-shovel instead of a two-shovel machinethat is to say, it embraces only the parts necessary to form one side of the machine, as disclosed in Fig. 2, the expansive frame 25 being of course dispensed with also. As it is necessary to provide a iirm and reliable bearing for the single carrying-wheel employed, the handle-bar l carries an angle-bar ln to provide a bearing forthe outer end ofthe bolt 3, as will be readily understood.

In actual use this machine is pushed across the field by the operator with the plows or shovels plowing at the required depth, this depth of cut being easy to maintain, owing to the fact that the heft of the machine is supported by the wheels, and the springs ll or lla, as the case may be, tend to hold the plows down to their work.

In case the plow or plows strike an unusually hard spot in the ground it'is obvious that the increased power which the operatorA at that instant applies on the handle unavoidably would, in case of a rigid connection between the plow and the handle, swing the latter forward and raise the plow out of the ground. Owing to the fact that this machine is provided with a yielding connection between the plow and the handle this unavoidably-increased power on the latter causes the same to swing forward, as described, but does not appreciably vary the position of the plow in the ground, because the springs under such increased power yield, as will be readily understood. The spring tends to throw the power applied to the handle on the axle instead of on the plow, as would be the case without the iiexible connection between the hand-le and the plow, and therefore makes the machine run easier and steadier and regulates largely the depth of the furrow.

By the provision of duplicate sets of cultivating appliances of the same or different types it is obvious that I combine in one machine devices which hitherto have been found in two, and have therefore produced a machine which can be employed for different purposes and which is conveniently portable by simply raising the handle'sufiiciently high to lift the cultivating-shovels clear of the ground.

From the above description it will be apparent that I have produced a hand-cultivator which possesses the features of advantage enumerated in the statement of invention, and it is to be understood that I reserve the right to make all changes which properly fall wit-hin the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus'described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is4

l. A cultivator, comprising a carryingwheel, a handle-bar mounted at its front end upon the axle of said wheel, an arm or bracket pivoted upon the axle of said wheel and diverging rearward with respect to the handlebar, and a yielding connection between the handle-bar and said arm orbracket, substantially as described.

2. A cultivator,comprising a wheeled frame, brackets mounted upon the axle thereof, an expansive frame connecting said brackets, cultivating appliances upon said brackets, and yielding connections between said appliances and the frame, substantially as described.

3. Acultivator,comprisinga wheeled frame,

brackets mounted upon the axle thereof, an`

expansive frame connecting said brackets, consisting of a pair of intersecting bars having intermeshing teeth, a bolt extending through said bars at their point of intersection, and a clamping-nut engaging said bolt,

cultivating appliances upon said brackets, and yieldingconnections between said appliances and the frame, substantially as described.

4. A cultivator, comprising a pair of handle-bars, having a handle at one end, carrying-wheels supporting the opposite end of said handle-bars, angle-brackets mounted on the axles of said wheels, retractile springs connecting said handle-bars with the upper and lower ends of said brackets, and cultivating appliances carried by said brackets, subst-antially as described. t

5. A cultivator, comprising handle-bars, a handle, bolts projecting from said handle-bars, wear-spindles upon said bolts, washers at opposite ends of said spindles,wheels journaled upon said spindles and held between said washers, and clamping-nuts engaging the threaded ends of said bolts, in combination with brackets pivoted upon said bolts, cultivating appliances carried by said brackets, and yielding connections between said brackets and the handle-bars, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CECIL M. DURNELL.

Vitnesses:

M. R. REMLEY, F. G. FISCHER.

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